Pengenalan GeoDjango (GDj-001)

GeoDjango merupakan sebuah modul dalam Django yang bertransformasi menjadi sistem web geografis yang sangat diandalkan di dunia. GeoDjango memberikan kita kemudahakn untuk membuat aplikasi web geografis seperti service berbasis lokasi. Fitur-fitur GeoDjango diantaranya :

  1. Fitur geometri dan raster open source dari Opensource Geospatial Consortium.
  2. Ekstensi ke object-relational mapping layer (ORM) untuk query dan memanipulasi data spasial.
  3. Antarmuka Python untuk operasi geometri (geom) dan raster dalam berbagai format.
  4. Penyuntingan geometri langsung dari admin.

Menginstal Django

Cara menginstal Django sangatlah mudah :

  1. Install pip.
  2. Install Django :

Unix :

$ python -m pip install Django

Windows :

py -m pip install Django

Database Spasial

Terdapat beberapa database spasial yang disupport oleh GeoDjango, diantaranya :

DatabaseLibrary DibutuhkanVersi DisupportCatatan
PostgreSQLGEOS, GDAL, PROJ.4, PostGIS 9.5+Membutuhkan PostGIS
MySQLGEOS, GDAL5.6.1+Terbatas untuk analisa spasial
OracleGEOS, GDAL 12.2+XE tidak disupport
SQLiteGEOS, GDAL, PROJ.4, SpatiaLite 3.8.3+Membutuhkan SpatiaLite 4.3+

Library yang Anda instal ke dalam GeoDjango tergantung kepada database spasial apa yang Anda gunakan. Namun, saya pribadi merekomendasikan penggunaan PostgreSQL dengan PostGIS yang paling berpengalaman, memiliki sumberdaya komunitas yang besar, serta memiliki fitur opensource yang begitu kaya. Lebih lanjut, jika Anda bermaksud untuk membuat aplikasi web ringan maka SQLite dengan SpatiaLite adalah jawabannya.

Library Geospasial

GeoDjango menggunakan antarmuka library geospasial open source, diantaranya :

ProgramDeskripsiDibutuhkan?Versi Disupport
GEOSGeometry Engine – Open Source, library C++ untuk fungsi spasialYa3.7, 3.6, 3.5
PROJ.4Aplikasi transformasi koordinatYa (Untuk PostgreSQL dan SQLite)5.2, 5.1, 5.0, 4.x
GDALGeospatial Data Abstraction Library, sebuah alat untuk membaca dan melakukan manipulasi data spasialYa2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 2.0
GeoIPLibrary geolokasi berbasis IPTidak2

Untuk daftar lebih lengkapnya dapat anda lihat dalam daftar ini.

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